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何防止氧化膜表面出现红色挂霜?

发布时间:2014.03.01    点击数: 105337

 

    工件经氧化处理后表面有时会附着一层红色沉淀物,这是氧化液使用过久,积有过多的三氧化二铁引起的,这种较少结晶的氧化铁在浓碱液中溶解度很小,因而氧化时会在工件表面沉淀析出,这种现象可采取下列措施予以消除和预防。
 
    (1)严格控制发蓝溶液的工作温度。发蓝溶液所需的工作温度是以钢铁制件的含碳量高低或有无合金成分为依据。含碳量较高的制件,发蓝时溶液的起始温度和终点温度都低一点,而含碳量较低的制件或是合金钢制件则相反。不同种类钢铁制件同时进行发蓝时,时间上要错开,第一槽可先处理含碳量高的制件,待处理到达终点时,溶液的温度也上去了,恰好为含碳量较低的制件起始入槽时需要的温度。这样可避免红色挂霜的出现。
 
    (2)采取二次发蓝工艺。具体做法是:制件先在工作温度较低的溶液配方中进行发蓝处理15min左右,然后将其移至稍高于正常工作温度的溶液中继续发蓝40~60min,第一槽溶液温度控制在130~135℃,第二槽溶液温度控制在140~150℃(随钢铁制件含碳量的高低有所区别)。制件在第一槽中形成晶核,然后在第二槽中继续生长,使之连接成片,从而获得致密且较厚具有高耐蚀性的氧化膜,又能大大地减轻红色挂霜的出现。
 
    (3)发蓝过程中增加制件的冲洗步骤。制件在发蓝槽中处理5min之后,从槽中取出来,在自来水龙头下猛冲一下,此时由于制件表面黏附的红色挂霜刚刚形成,较薄,容易冲洗掉,然后再继续发蓝时就较少再会出现红色挂霜。
 
    (4)发蓝溶液中添加亚铁氰化钾。由于亚铁氰化钾能与高价铁离子络合生成普鲁士蓝沉淀,从而降低溶液中铁离子含量,减轻红色沉淀物在制件表面的出现,但此法费用稍高并稍有毒性。
 
    (5)加强发蓝溶液的维护。加强发蓝溶液的维护是防止出现红色挂霜最有效的方法之一,是治本的方法,制件表面红色挂霜在一定程度上是随着发蓝溶液中高价铁离子的增加而加重的,为此当发蓝溶液中积聚一定量的高价铁离子之后需要进行清理,具体方法如下:先在发蓝溶液中加入原体积1/4的热水,使之稀释,然后加热至沸(此时溶液的沸点温度约120℃左右),待静置后吸出槽底红色沉淀物于盆内(待沉淀后上层清液可回发蓝槽),上层清液进行浓缩或补加材料使之合乎工艺配方要求的质量浓度,再进行发蓝其膜层表面将不会出现红色挂霜。此法需经常进行。
 
    (6)氰化钠溶液中清除。氧化膜表面已形成的红色挂霜可在氰化钠溶液中浸泡除去。经此溶液处理后,制件表面的红色挂霜能彻底除尽,需要注意的是,事后要加强清洗。
 
    (7)手工指擦去除。此法适用于大件,经发蓝并浸油后用一块软质绒布在制件表面有次序地轻轻揩擦,红色挂霜即会随绒布所到之处被除去。
        关于QY千亿国际智能 About Liangshi InteRobot:
        上海QY千亿国际智能科技股份有限公司(股票代码:837430 厚积薄发 持续创新),为全球客户提供智能制造和表面处理系统解决方案,从业30多年,是一个集研发、设计、制造、工程安装、工程咨询于一体的专业化制造及自动化智能控制系统集成公司,能为客户解决:
        Shanghai Liangshi InteRobot Technology Corporation (Stock Code: 837430 Accumulate richly and break forth vastly; innovate continuously) provides surface treatment sandblasting system solution for global customers. By engaging in this industry for more than twenty years, we're a professional manufacturing and automatic intelligent control system corporation, which integrates researching, designing, manufacturing, project installation and project consulting. We can provide our customers with:
        1、化学表面处理喷抛丸、喷丸强化设备、热喷涂和涂装设备工艺系统解决方案和工艺装备;
              We provide process system solution and process equipments of surface treatment sandblasting shot blasting, shot peening, enameling, thermal spraying, coating equipment.
        2、智能制造自动化机器人应用工艺系统解决方案和工艺装备;
              We provide professional system solution and process equipments of automation and robot technology application.
        3、食品乳品、制药、生物、制冷、石油化工、船舶制造、能源、造纸、纺织系统领域承压系统集成整体解决方案;
              We provide professional integrated solution for pressure bearing system in fields of food dairy, biopharmaceutical, refrigerating, petrochemical, marine engineering, energy, paper-making, fabrics, etc.
        4、涂装环保设备:VOC废气、废水、粉尘处理和噪音治理系统工艺解决方案和工艺装备。
              We provide environment protection blasting and painting equipment: process solution and equipment of VOCs waste gas, waste water, dust, noise treatment system.
         5、专业提供压力容器设计制造:为食品乳品、生物制药、水处理、制冷、石油化工、船舶海工、电力能源、造纸纺织、有色金属等领域提供承压系统集成整体解决方案。
              Professionally provide the design and manufacture of pressure vessels: providing overall solutions for pressure system integration in the fields of food and dairy, biopharmaceutical, water treatment, refrigeration, petrochemical, shipbuilding and marine engineering, power and energy, paper and textile, non-ferrous metals and other fields.
        企业主导产品如下 The leading products of our company are as follows:
        主营业务:智能制造和表面处理工程系统集成的设计、研发、生产和销售。
        Main business: design, research, production and sales of surface treatment engineering system integration.
        六类主要产品:自动化涂装生产线、智能机器人喷涂系统、自动化喷抛丸生产线、智能机器人喷抛丸强化系统、自动化热喷涂系统、涂装节能环保设备。
        Six main product categories are: automatic painting production line, intelligent robot painting system, automatic shot/wheel blasting production line, intelligent robot shot peening system, automatic thermal spraying system, energy saving and environmental protection equipment for painting.
        产品主要应用于:新材料、新能源、工程机械、汽车制造、集装箱、船舶海洋工程、航空航天、港口桥梁、电子电气、环保工程、印刷造纸机械、医疗机械、纺织机械等领域。
        The products are mainly applied in: new materials, new energy, engineering machinery, automobile manufacturing, containers, marine engineering, aeronautics and astronautics, port bridges, electronic and electrical, environmental protection engineering, printing and papermaking machinery, medical machinery, textile machinery and so on.
        公司生产的表面工程系统集成具备智能、自动化的特点,可实现工业生产过程自动化控制,因而属于自动化装备。根据《高端装备制造业“十二五”规划》中对高端装备的定义“主要包括传统产业转型升级和战略性新兴产业发展所需的高技术高附加值装备”,公司产品属于高端装备,是为国民经济其他行业提供技术装备的战略性产业。
        The surface engineering system of our company integrates the characteristics of intelligence and automation, it can realize the automatic control of industrial production process, so it belongs to automatic equipment. According to the definition of premium-end equipment of 《The 125th programme of premium-end equipment manufacturing industry》, “it mainly includes the high technology and high value-added equipment required by traditional industrial transformation upgrading and the development of strategic new-emerging industries”. The company's products belong to the premium-end equipment, which is a strategic industry that provides technical equipment for the other industries of the national economy.
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